MY RESEARCH PAPER!!!

Energy: The Capacity to Do Work
(A Tutorial Software)

A Research Proposal
presented to the Science Research
Committee of Cavite National Science High School

In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements in
Advanced Statistics

Maria Elaidia C. Barria
III- Nitrogen
March 2009


CHAPTER I
Introduction
Modern technology has ruled the world. People live with technology, and technology is a basic part of their lives. One good example of gadgets which are products of technology is computer. Computers are very essential to mankind. It can make our life easier to communicate, to explore, and to know the things we need to know in order to develop our skills. Computers are widely used around the world and it contributed much to our daily living. Computer programming is also a big help to people especially to the students. Good programming is generally considered to be the measured application of all three, with the goal of producing an efficient and evolvable software solution.
Computer software or just software is a general term used to describe a collection of computer programs, procedures and documentation that perform some tasks on a computer system. Software includes websites, programs, video games, etc. that are coded by programming languages like C, C++, etc. "Software" is sometimes used in a broader context to mean anything which is not hardware but which is used with hardware, such as film, tapes and records.

A. Background of the Study
The population of the students of public schools is increasing and due to that, there is less opportunity for the students to enter the school. There are many problems that are being involved when education is being discussed. Examples of these are: lack of classrooms, lack of reading, writing and learning materials, overpopulation leading to the poor lessons being taught by the teachers. Other schools are creating teaching lessons but still, it became an inadequate materials and tools, and it cannot help the students to really understand the topics. Audiovisual presentations are advised to be created but there is no enough tools for all. Books are not so helpful for many students share with one book due to the great number of students. And to make it easier for students to understand lessons on their own, the researcher thought of a tutorial software which will enhance the students’ skills and comprehension. The researcher thought of the study to solve the problems that are being encountered today. This will be a new technique that can help those students to lean the lessons that they cannot really understand.

B. Statement of the Problem
This research study entitled “The Capacity to Do Work (A Tutorial Software)” aims to develop a tutorial software in Physics with the following problems as follows:
1) What is the effect of the tutorial software on the students’ comprehension on the topics about energy and work?
2) Is there a significant difference about the scores of those who were exposed to the tutorial software and those who did not?
3) Is the tutorial software effective in raising students’ ability and comprehension?

C. Hypothesis
1) Students who used the tutorial software have higher comprehension over those who aren’t exposed to the tutorial software.
2) Students that are exposed to the tutorial software got higher scores than those who are not exposed.
3) The tutorial software is an effective tool in raising one’s comprehension.

D. Significance of the Study
This research study is significant for it can lessen the time for the students to learn a certain topic. It serves as a lesson plan designed for better understanding and at the same time, fun while learning. Teachers can use this software to be a substitute teaching when he/ she is not present. Learning with enjoyment is a good habit. There are instructional softwares that do not meet the standards to improve the comprehension of the students, otherwise the software is created. Another significance of the study is to improve the quality of education. As for now, education in our country is very low in standard. Students are not so serious about their studies. They are concern in other things which are often not important and just a waste of time, playing computer games etc. etc. This software can attract students to study while having fun.

E. Scope and Limitations
This research study concerns on a topic in Physics, energy: the capacity to do work. The study was done, conducted and tested in the Cavite National Science High School. This study was created with the use of Macromedia Flash 8. This study controls the effects of the tutorial software to the understanding of the students of Cavite National Science High School snd is only focused on lower years who is currently studying about the topic and having a hard time to understand all about it.

F. Definition of Terms
Energy- (from the Greek ἐνέργεια - energeia, "activity, operation", from ἐνεργός - energos, "active, working) is a scalar physical quantity that describes the amount of work that can be performed by a force. Energy is an attribute of objects and systems that is subject to a conservation law. Several different forms of energy exist to explain all known natural phenomena. These forms include (but are not limited to) kinetic, potential, thermal, gravitational, sound, light, elastic, and electromagnetic energy. The forms of energy are often named after a related force.
Work may refer to:
Mechanical work, the amount of energy transferred by a force ; Work (thermodynamics), the quantity of energy transferred from one system to another
Power- is the rate of doing work or the rate of using energy, which are numerically the same. If you do 100 joules of work in one second (using 100 joules of energy), the power is 100 watts.
G. Review of Related Literature
Work-Energy Principle
The change in the kinetic energy of an object is equal to the net work done on the object.
This fact is referred to as the Work-Energy Principle and is often a very useful tool in mechanics problem solving. It is derivable from conservation of energy and the application of the relationships for work and energy, so it is not independent of the conservation laws. It is in fact a specific application of conservation of energy. However, there are so many mechanical problems which are solved efficiently by applying this principle that it merits separate attention as a working principle.
For a straight-line collision, the net work done is equal to the average force of impact times the distance traveled during the impact.
Average impact force x distance traveled = change in kinetic energy
If a moving object is stopped by a collision, extending the stopping distance will reduce the average impact force.
The rate of doing work is equal to the rate of using energy since the a force transfers one unit of energy when it does one unit of work. A horsepower is equal to 550 ft lb/s, and a kilowatt is 1000 watts.
http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/hbase/work.html
First of all, remember that work equals force times distance as stated in this formula:
http://id.mind.net/~zona/mstm/physics/mechanics/energy/gravitationalPotentialEnergy/gravitationalPotentialEnergy.html
Work (physics), product of a force applied to a body and the displacement of the body in the direction of the applied force. While work is done on a body, there is a transfer of energy to the body, and so work can be said to be energy in transit. The units of work are identical to those of energy. If, for example, an object is lifted from the floor to the top of a table, work is done in overcoming the downward force of gravity, and the energy imparted to the body as work will increase its potential energy. Work is also expended when a force accelerates a body, such as the acceleration of an airplane because of the thrust forces developed by its jet engines. The force need not be simply a mechanical force (see Mechanics) as in the case of lifting a body or accelerating a plane by jet reaction; it can also be an electrostatic, electrodynamics, or surface-tension force (see Electricity; Surface Tension). On the other hand, if a constantly acting force does not produce motion, no work is performed. Holding a book steadily at arm's length, for example, does not involve any work, irrespective of the apparent effort required.
http://encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761560409/Work_(physics).html

Kinetic energy is the energy of motion. An object which has motion - whether it is vertical or horizontal motion - has kinetic energy. There are many forms of kinetic energy - vibrational (the energy due to vibrational motion), rotational (the energy due to rotational motion), and translational (the energy due to motion from one location to another). To keep matters simple, we will focus upon translational kinetic energy. The amount of translational kinetic energy (from here on, the phrase kinetic energy will refer to translational kinetic energy) which an object has depends upon two variables: the mass (m) of the object and the speed (v) of the object. The following equation is used to represent the kinetic energy (KE) of an object.
where m = mass of object
v = speed of object


http://www.glenbrook.k12.il.us/GBSSCI/PHYS/Class/energy/u5l1c.html
In order to accomplish work on an object there must be a force exerted on the object and it must move in the direction of the force.



http://hyperphysics.phy-astr.gsu.edu/Hbase/work2.html

CHAPTER II
Methodology

Background of the Study...... ^_^

In mathematics, a sequence is an ordered list of objects (or events). Like a set, it contains members (also called elements or terms), and the number of terms (possibly infinite) is called the length of the sequence. Unlike a set, order matters, and the exact same elements can appear multiple times at different positions in the sequence.For example, (C, R, Y) is a sequence of letters that differs from (Y, C, R), as the ordering matters. Sequences can be finite, as in this example, or infinite, such as the sequence of all even positive integers (2, 4, 6,...).In analysis, when talking about sequences, one will generally consider sequences of the form
(X1, X2, X3………) or (X0, X1, X2……….)
which is to say, infinite sequences of elements indexed by natural numbers.It may be convenient to have the sequence start with an index different from 1 or 0. For example, the sequence defined by xn = 1/log(n) would be defined only for n ≥ 2. When talking about such infinite sequences, it is usually sufficient (and does not change much for most considerations) to assume that the members of the sequence are defined at least for all indices large enough, that is, greater than some given N.)The most elementary type of sequences are numerical ones, that is, sequences of real or complex numbers. This type can be generalized to sequences of elements of some vector space. In analysis, the vector spaces considered are often function spaces. Even more generally, one can study sequences with elements in some topological space.

Research Problem...

Subsets in Sequence...

An investigation into changing places...

???????

The set {a, b, c} has exactly eight subsets.
1). List all the subsets of {a, b, c}.
2). Now arrange those subsets in a sequence so that each subset in the sequence differs from the one before it in one of two ways:
One new element is inserted: Example 1: {a}, {a, b} Example 2: {a, b}, {a, b, c}
One old element removed Example 1: {a, b, c}, {a, c} Example 2: {b}, Ø
3). Can you create more than one sequence that fits these criteria?
4). Create a listing like this for the subsets of {a, b, c, d}.
5). Describe a general method (or explain why there isn’t one) for creating such a sequence of the subsets of any set {a1, a2, a3, ...an}.

Red Macintosh Smashed Green Acers in Basketball Girls

Second day of Intramurals. The past days had been so rainy that's why students are praying for a good weather to come. I think their prayers had been answered cause it's been a sunny day at that time. Basketball for girls is not a common game in the country unlike in volleyball where boys and girls can play. Well, I think it's a good isea to have this kind of game, for a change. The first game was between the Juniors and the Freshmen. It's kinda awkward to see girls playing basketball but it's really fun watching. Girls turning into boys?... hehehe...
The players of the Red Macintosh are: Telmo, Vivo, dela Paz, Cuapiaco, Obillo, Resus, Permentilla, Riman, Miranda, Avilla and Bersamina. On the other hand, the players of the Green Acers are dela Paz, Diquit, Bencito, Cuarte, Tiongco and Dumaguing. Before the game, all of them are happily practicing.
The first point was got by the Juniors, as expected. It was followed and followed. You can see the cooperation of each team trying to get the ball to the other team and shoot it. With the hardworking and talented and intelligent team captain, the Red Macintosh did great in the game. It was a fun that the referree is always whistling because of the case "travelling". Each team cheered for their players and really gave their full sipport to the ones who are playing. The girls really did their best to win the game and in the end, The Red Macintosh won the game with the score of 34-8 in favor of Juniors. They are very happy and thankful to God.



Go go Juniors!

Red Macintosh Ruled Over the Cheerdance Competition

It was the first day of the Intramurals and all students are so excited. The intramurals consists of four teams: the first year or the freshmen are the Green Acers, Sophomores (second year) called themselves Yellow Asus, Juniors (third year) group was named Red Macintosh and the last which are the Seniors (fourth year) has the team named Blue Vaio.After some introductions given by the emcee, Mr. Ces, the teams finally presented theis prepared cheerdance. They had a random sampling first to know which tam will perform first. The first one who showed their skill was the freshmen (Green Acers). The youngest in the family of the CNSHS didn't want their team to loose that's why they did their best to show the older ones what they worth and what they can do. After the freshmen are the outrageous Juniors or the Red Macintosh. They did a lot of exhibitions and danced pretty good well. This was followed by the performance of he Seniors and they really did a great job on that cheerance. And the last one who performed are the Sophomores with a great performance.All teams did very good in their routines and I think for the judges all are winners. But sill they need to choose he best among the rest. So after the break the result of the competition was announced. Green Acers got the fourth place, while the third place goes to Yellow Asus. There was a pause in annnouncing the second and first pace but in a period of time Blue Vaio and the Champion in the Cheerdance Competition are the Juniors or Red Macintosh. This serve as an inspiration to them to really compete well with the other year levels.

MAC--INT--OSH
MACINTOSH!
Nice Start Macintosh!
Keep up the Good Work!

Red Macintosh Ruled the Sepak Takraw Girls Game

Third day of Intramurals and as the days passed, it was more interesting to watched the games. Day 3 is the championship day so it is the time to know who's the over-all champion. Well the games got hotter and hotter.

Sepak Takraw girls another games with unusual players. Girls? Mmmm... Yeah... They are girls with a capability to hit a ball using the different parts of the body. This was usually played by boys and different exhibitions are shown in this type of game which is popular in our country. After defeating the Blue Vaio in the first game, Red Macintosh fought the Yellow Asus which are twice to beat. Although the players experienced sprain, especially Alpha Colocado, it did not become a hindrance to defeat the Sophomores and it serves as a good luck charm to the team. And of course the cheers of their teammates made the players fight hard in the game and became victorious. It ended up with shaking of hands, which symbolizes sportsmanship and Red Macintosh as declared the Champion of the game.





Go Red Macintosh!

Reaction on the Magazine "The Making Of a Scientist"

Well, reading a magazine with no pictures is a really boring thing to do... But as I read the magazine given to us, I realized that I shouldn't be bored in reading such magazines... I think it's more useful if we read an article like that... As I read the magazine, I learned something about it... I also got an idea on how to be a "scientist" which is rarely needed nowadays... It serves as an inspiration to those science -inclined students to do more and really focused on it... I can say that it should be read by students who don't have interest in Science cause it will help a lot! So students, strive hard until we succeed!